(F) Photograph of the microdochectomy procedure. After injection of a small volume of indigo carmine into the dilated duct, the targeted duct became more dilated, and dye was discharged from the one orifice of the right nipple (not shown). (E) On the day of the surgery, a needle (arrow) was inserted in the dilated duct in the 10 o'clock region of the right breast under ultrasound guidance. (D) The reconstructed maximum intensity projection of a contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance image shows a 4.4 cm area of linear and clumped nonmass enhancement (arrows).
This dilated duct is correlated with the asymmetric tubular tortuous structures in the subareolar area and upper outer quadrant of the right breast on mammography (not shown). (C) A right craniocaudal galactogram shows three polypoid filling defects (arrows) and ductal cutoff (arrowhead) in the dilated lactiferous duct. (B) A sonogram shows a dilated duct with isoechoic intraductal lesions (arrows) in the subareolar area and 2 cm from the nipple and a tortuous tubular intra- and extra-ductal mass (arrowheads) 5 cm from the nipple. (A) A mammography shows an asymmetric tubular structure in the subareolar area (arrow) and a 3.2 cm tortuous tubular structure (arrowhead) in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Images of a 35-year-old female with spontaneously intermittent bloody discharge from the right nipple for 4 months. Galactography demonstrated a dilated duct with several polypoid filling defects and complete obstruction at the site of the tortuous tubular structure ( Figure 1C). US showed a solitary dilated duct containing two isoechoic intraductal lesions 2 cm from the nipple and an isoechoic lesion 5 cm from the nipple in the 10 o'clock region of the right breast ( Figure 1B). Mammography showed an asymmetric tubular structure in the subareolar area and a 3.2 cm tortuous tubular structure in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast ( Figure 1A).
INDIGO CARMINE DYE SKIN
There was no overlying skin abnormality or palpable mass in her right breast. A physical examination revealed bloody discharge from one orifice of the right nipple. She had no history of breast abnormalities, previous breast surgery, or radiation therapy. The patient incidentally detected the discharge 4 months prior to visiting our clinic. Both materials were competitive for colour and DOC removal.Ĭarmine indigo electrocoagulation colour removal DOC removal magnesium electrode alloy AZ31.A 35-year-old woman presented with spontaneously intermittent bloody discharge from her right nipple. Removals around 99% colour and 84% in DOC were obtained. It was used a concentration NaCl as support electrolyte, and contrary to other studies all the runs were carried out at the same electric charge (5,000 C/L). Factors and levels were: stirring speed (zero or 840 rpm), temperature (28 or 50 ☌), dye concentration (100 or 300 mg/L) and current density (20 or 50 A/m2). Tests were developed through a two levels fractionate factorial design. It was carried out an exploratory study about the performance of the high purity magnesium and the alloy AZ31 used as sacrifice electrodes for removing color and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in indigo carmine solutions treated by the electrocoagulation process. Indigo carmine is one of the most polluting components found in the textile industry effluents. Electrocoagulation of indigo carmine dye solution with magnesium and AZ31 alloy anodes.
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